ice Integration Based on Abstract Forms in XML for End-user Initiative Development Takeshi Chusho, Ryousuke Yuasa, Shinpei Nishida and Katsuya Fujiwara ∗ Abstract— The number of end-users using the Internet has been increasing. End-user initiative development of applications has become important for automation of end-users’ own tasks. In particular, Web applications should be supported by domain experts themselves since Web applications must be modified frequently based on domain experts’ ideas. This paper describes end-user initiative application development by Web service integration. The abstract forms are considered as interfaces of services based on the simple concept that “one service = one form.” Therefore, Web service integration can be defined as form transformation from input forms into output forms. There are two problems for development of Web applications by Web service integration. One is how to communicate with conventional Web applications. The other is ho...