Web services provide abstractions for simplifying integration at lower levels of the interaction stacks, they don't yet help simplify integration at higher abstraction levels such as business-level interaction protocols. Using a modeldriven framework for Web services life-cycle management, the authors help facilitate the scalable development and maintenance of service-oriented applications by analyzing and managing Web service business protocols. Instead of using simple black and white measures,they identify different classes of protocol compatibility and replaceability.They implemented this framework in a prototype platform called Service Mosaic. W eb services are becoming the technology of choice for application integration. The main benefits are support for loosely coupled and decentralized interactions and standardization, which helps reduce the costs of application integration. To a large extent, these costs result from interacting entities having different interfaces, speaki...