In this paper we propose a comprehensive method for detecting straight line segments in any digital image, accurately controlling both false positive and false negative detections. Based on Helmholtz principle, the proposed method is parameterless. At the core of the work lies a new way to interpret binary sequences in terms of unions of segments, for which a dynamic programming implementation is given. The proposed algorithm is extensively tested on synthetic and real images and compared with the state of the art. Keywords Straight line segment detection