In this paper, we investigate the resource allocation in a differentially modulated relay network. In addition to the energy optimization, we also consider location optimization to minimize the average symbol error rate (SER). The closedform solution is derived for the single-relay case, and formulas allowing numerical search are provided for multiple-relay cases. Analytical and simulated comparisons confirm that the optimized systems provide considerable improvement over the unoptimized systems, and that the minimum SER can be achieved via the joint energy-location optimization.