With the growth of mobile computing, users will have simultaneous access to multiple overlaid networks, each with Zdifferent characteristics, services and costs. This paper introduces TOMTEN TOtal Management Of Transmissions for the .ENd-user , a framework for managing resources in both this type of environment as well as the traditional single network environment. TOMTEN is a reactive framework that is only activated when either the application is started or the user indicates dissatisfaction with a current session. The reactive architecture of TOMTEN also supports application adaptivity. Application adaptivity in TOMTEN does not require modifications to the application and is done transparently using proxy modules. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
R. De Silva, Björn Landfeldt, Sebastien Ardon