An Empirical Approach to Temporal Reference Resolution

Scheduling dialogs, during which people negotiate the times of appointments, are common in everyday life. This paper reports the results of an in-depth empirical investigation of resolving explicit temporal references in scheduling dialogs. There are four phases of this work: data annotation and evaluation, model development, system implementation and evaluation, and model evaluation and analysis. The system and model were developed primarily on one set of data, and then applied later to a much more complex data set, to assess the generalizability of the model for the task being performed. Many di erent types of empirical methods are applied to pinpoint the strengths and weaknesses of the approach. Detailed annotation instructions were developed and an intercoder reliability study was performed, showing that naive annotators can reliably perform the targeted annotations. A fully automatic system has been developed and evaluated on unseen test data, with good results on both data sets....

• Type: Journal
• Year: 1998
• Where: JAIR
• Authors: Janyce Wiebe, Thomas P. O'Hara, Thorsten Öhrström-Sandgren, Kenneth J. McKeever
• Keywords: Annotations, Evaluation, JAIR 1998, Model