This paper presents a generalized formulation of the periodic steady-state analysis for oscillators. The new formulation finds the value of a circuit parameter that results in a desired oscillation frequency for the circuit. Numerical methods based on the time-domain finite difference and shooting methods, and the frequency-domain harmonic balance method are described. Comparisons with search-based methods demonstrate the efficacy of the new approach. Categories and Subject Descriptors B.7.2 [Integrated Circuits]: Design Aids--simulation General Terms Algorithms Keywords Oscillators, periodic steady-state simulation, finite difference method, shooting method, harmonic balance method, oscillator design and optimization
Igor Vytyaz, David C. Lee, Suihua Lu, Amit Mehrotr