The hit-or-miss transform (HMT) is a fundamental operation on binary images, widely used since 40 years. As it is not increasing, its extension to grey-level images is not straightforward, and very few authors have considered it. Moreover, despite its potential usefulness, very few applications of the grey-level HMT have been proposed until now. Part I of this paper [B. Naegel, N. Passat, C. Ronse, Grey-level hit-or-miss transforms—part I: unified theory. Pattern Recogn., in press, doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2006.06.004] was devoted to the description of a theory enabling to unify the main definitions of the grey-level HMT, mainly proposed by Ronse and Soille, respectively. Part II of this paper, developed hereafter, deals with the applicative potential of the grey-level HMT, illustrated by its use for vessel segmentation from 3D angiographic data. Different HMT-based segmentation methods are then described and analysed, leading to concrete analysis techniques for brain and liver vessel...