Immaterial labor, which is a philosophical concept established by Maurizio Lazzarato and others for understanding the postFordism industry, refers to the process of producing the informational and cultural contents of a commodity. Through examining software development and software-intensive society with the lens of immaterial labor, this paper aims to make a first step of establishing a new theoretical framework to understand (1) how to evaluate values of software systems, (2) how such values are created, and (3) how software development should be organized to create such values. Categories and Subject Descriptors