We consider the problem of designing distributed mechanisms for joint congestion control and resource allocation in spatial-reuse TDMA wireless networks. The design problem is posed as a utility maximization subject to link rate constraints that involve both power allocation and transmission scheduling over multiple time-slots. Starting from the performance limits of a centralized optimization based on global network information, we proceed systematically in the development of distributed and transparent protocols. In the process, we introduce a novel decomposition method for convex optimization, establish its convergence for the utility maximization problem and demonstrate how it suggests a distributed solution based on flow control optimization and incremental updates of the transmission schedule. We develop a two-step procedure for finding the schedule updates and suggest two schemes for distributed channel reservation and power control under realistic interference models. Although...