The application of the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in the supply chain has experienced increased attention in academic research and practice. There is, however, a research gap on antecedents of RFID adoption intention which impedes an assessment of RFID diffusion in the future. This study elaborates a structural model based on the technology-organization-environment framework and incorporates an economic perspective and the concept of need-pull to investigate antecedents of RFID adoption intention by firms. The results from a quantitative survey in a European Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) market indicate that perceived internal and interorganizational benefits as well as expected future costs of RFID are significant drivers. The need-pull shows a partly mediated effect, whereas firm size and applied technologies show no impact on RFID adoption intention.