Creation of pedagogical learning models to handle the specificity of mobile learning and the inherent constraints of mobile devices is a fundamental challenge in mobile learning. In this paper, we propose a generic semantics-based service-oriented architecture (SOA) and show how ontologies, when used together with Web services, can provide mobile users with a fresh learning experience. The proposed SOA is flexible and loosely coupled. It facilitates pluggable context-aware learner services that are multi-modal, as well as content services that support seamless integration of legacy content from possibly multiple vendors for customizable delivery. As illustration, we consider a mobile learning scenario in a zoo, and demonstrate how a mobile device user can interact with the proposed system for m-learning. Keywords Mobile Learning, Semantic Technologies, Ontologies, Web Services, SOA, Data Integration
Keng Y. Yee, Wee Tiong Ang, Flora S. Tsai, Rajaram