To a large extent noise suppression algorithms have been designed to deal with the two most classically defined types of noise: impulsive and Gaussian noise. However digitized images such as those acquired from historical photographs such as albumen prints contain a form of quasi-noise we shall term chaotic noise. This paper describes the concept of chaotic noise and proposes two fuzzy filters to suppress various types of noise in historical photographs based on the truncated median, an approximation of the mode filter.
Michael Wirth, Bruce A. Bobier