A concurrent core test approach is proposed to reduce the test cost of SOC. Multiple cores in SOC can be tested simultaneously by using a shared test set and scan chain disable. Prior to test, the test sets corresponding to cores under test (CUT) are merged by using the proposed merging algorithm to obtain a shared test set with minimum size. During test, the on-chip scan chain disable signal (SCDS) generator is employed to retrieve the original test vectors from the shared test set. The approach is non-intrusive and automatic test pattern generator (ATPG) independent. Moreover, the approach can reduce test cost further by combining with general test compression/decompression technique. Experimental results for ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits have proven the efficiency of the proposed approach.