We present the systematic design and development of a distributed query scheduling service DQS in the context of DIOM, a distributed and interoperable query mediation system 26 . DQS consists of an extensible architecture for distributed query processing, a three-phase optimization algorithm for generating e cient query execution schedules, and a prototype implementation. Functionally, two important execution models of distributed queries, namely moving query to data or moving data to query, are supported and combined into a uni ed framework, allowing the data sources with limited search and ltering capabilities to be incorporated through wrappers into the distributed query scheduling process. Algorithmically,conventional optimizationfactors such as join order are considered separately from and re ned by distributed system factors such as data distribution, execution location, heterogeneous host capabilities, allowing for stepwise re nement through three optimization phases: com...