Internet enabled hybrid audio-data collaboration delivers high quality audio over telephone lines and data interaction over packet switched Internet connections, thus distributing the transmission load between two highly accessible but limited bandwidth media. This paper explores the need for hybrid audio-data collaboration and describes two complementary studies comparing the performance and satisfaction of groups of graduate students taking an introductory course in statistics via the following modes: (1) hybrid audio-data collaboration, (2) satellite delivered instructional television, (3) face-to-face in the television studio, and (4) face-to-face in a traditional classroom. The results of the studies suggest there is no difference in student learning performance between the hybrid audio-data collaboration and instructional television or face-to-face modes for the graduate level introductory statistics course. Students in the Internet enabled hybrid audio-data collaboration group ...
Michael W. Freeman, Lawrence W. Grimes, J. Ray Hol