Among the many techniques for system-level power management, it is not currently possible to guarantee timing constraints and have a comprehensive system model at the same time. Specifically, dynamic power management (DPM) techniques can model systems consisting of multiple devices with multiple mode settings. However, if hard real-time constraints are required, then DPM techniques are usually not applicable, because they are based on prediction or timeout and are designed for applications without hard constraints. Instead, low-power scheduling (LPS) techniques may be used to satisfy timing constraints, but they assume a single processor with voltage or frequencyscaling. These greedy schedulers are not generalizable to multiple processors or devices with more general modes. We proposea new methodfor modelingand selecting the power modes forthe optimal system-powermanagementof embeddedsystems undertiming and power constraints. First, we not onlymodel the modes andthe transitionsoverhea...
Dexin Li, Pai H. Chou, Nader Bagherzadeh