In this paper a new approach is presented to build a list of faults to be used by the fault injection environment; the list is built starting from a high-level description of the system. The approach especially aims at identifying malicious faults i.e., faults having a critical impact on the system reliability. To overcome the complexity problem inherent in low-level descriptions, high-level ones are exploited, and alternative graphs are applied to carry out the cause-effect analysis, to build up a fault tree and to carry out fault collapsing. The reduced highlevel malicious fault list is converted so that it can be used together with the low level description for the final fault injection.