Although luminance contrast plays a predominant role in motion perception, significant additional effects are introduced by chromatic contrasts. In this paper, relevant results from psychophysical and physiological research are described to clarify the role of color in motion detection. Interpreting these psychophysical experiments, we propose guidelines for the design of animated visualizations and a practical calibration procedure that improves the reliability of motion representation. The usefulness of the guidelines is demonstrated for a number of applications such as texture-based flow visualization, graph and tree visualization, and kinetic visualization. CR Categories: I.3.3 [Computer Graphics]: Picture/Image Generation; I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism--Color, shading, shadowing, and texture