Wireless underground sensor networks: Research challenges

This work introduces the concept of a Wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN). WUSNs can be used to monitor a variety of conditions, such as soil properties for agricultural applications and toxic substances for environmental monitoring. Unlike existing methods of monitoring underground conditions, which rely on buried sensors connected via wire to the surface, WUSN devices are deployed completely belowground and do not require any wired connections. Each device contains all necessary sensors, memory, a processor, a radio, an antenna, and a power source. This makes their deployment much simpler than existing underground sensing solutions. Wireless communication within a dense substance such as soil or rock is, however, significantly more challenging than through air. This factor, combined with the necessity to conserve energy due to the difficulty of unearthing and recharging WUSN devices, requires that communication protocols be redesigned to be as efficient as possible. This work...

• Type: Journal
• Year: 2006
• Where: ADHOC
• Authors: Ian F. Akyildiz, Erich P. Stuntebeck
• Keywords: ADHOC 2006, Sensors, Wireless Underground Sensor, WUSN Devices