Refactoring is one means of improving the structure of existing software. Locations for the application of refactoring are often based on subjective perceptions such as ”bad sme...
A significant challenge in genetic programming is premature convergence to local optima, which often prevents evolution from solving problems. This paper introduces to genetic pro...
An enduring mystery in biology is how a physical entity simple enough to have arisen spontaneously could have evolved into the complex life seen on Earth today. Cairns-Smith has pr...
We present the first hardware-in-the-loop evolutionary optimization on an ornithopter. Our experiments demonstrate the feasibility of evolving flight through genetic algorithms an...
Systems of selection and variation by recombination and/or mutation can be used to evolve images for computer graphics and animation. Interactive evolution can be used to direct t...