Modern applications are designed in multiple tiers to separate concerns. Since each tier may run at a separate location, middleware is required to mediate access between tiers. Ho...
Software often needs to be modified for accommodating requirements changes through the software life cycle. To deal with several accidental requirements changes related to softwa...
Programs written in managed languages are compiled to a platform-independent intermediate representation, such as Java bytecode. The relative high level of Java bytecode has engen...