This paper presents a voxel-based biomechanical model for muscle deformation using nite element method FEM and volume graphics. Hierarchical voxel meshes are reconstructed from ltered segmented muscle images followed by FEM simulation and volume rendering. Physiological muscle force is considered and linear elastic muscle models for both static and dynamic cases are simulated by FEM. Voxel-based wireframe, polygon surface rendering and volume rendering techniques are applied to show real-time muscle deformation processes as well as realistic animations.
Qing-hong Zhu, Yan Chen, Arie E. Kaufman