Abstract. In current software components models, components do not encapsulate control, and are composed by connection mechanisms which pass control from component to component. Connection mechanisms are not hierarchical in general, and therefore current component models do not support hierarchical system construction. In this paper we argue that control encapsulation by components, together with suitable composition mechanisms, can lead to a component model that supports hierarchical system construction. We show an example of such a model and present a calculus for its hierarchical composition mechanisms.