We consider temporal aspects of self-replication and evolvability – in particular, the massively asynchronous parallel and distributed nature of living systems. Formal views of s...
Abstract. Matter in the universe mainly consists of plasma. The dynamics of plasmas is controlled by magnetic fields. To simulate the evolution of magnetised plasma, we solve the e...
Table 1 shows the payoff to player one. The same matrix also holds for player two. Player one can gain the maximum 5 points (T = 5) by defection if player two cooperates. However,...
Background: The architecture of biological networks has been reported to exhibit high level of modularity, and to some extent, topological modules of networks overlap with known f...
Jing Zhao, Guohui Ding, Lin Tao, Hong Yu, Zhong-Ha...
Background: Ribonuclease P is an ancient endonuclease that cleaves precursor tRNA and generally consists of a catalytic RNA subunit (RPR) and one or more proteins (RPPs). It repre...