Future high-performance billion-transistor processors are likely to employ partitioned architectures to achieve high clock speeds, high parallelism, low design complexity, and low...
In order to achieve high performance, contemporary microprocessors must effectively process the four major instruction types: ALU, branch, load, and store instructions. This paper...
Bryan Black, Brian Mueller, Stephanie Postal, Ryan...
Memory latency tolerant architectures support thousands of in-flight instructions without scaling cyclecritical processor resources, and thousands of useful instructions can compl...
Amit Gandhi, Haitham Akkary, Ravi Rajwar, Srikanth...
— Effective address calculation for load and store instructions needs to compete for ALU with other instructions and hence extra latencies might be incurred to data cache accesse...
Load latency remains a signi cant bottleneck in dynamically scheduled pipelined processors. Load speculation techniques have been proposed to reduce this latency. Dependence Predi...