— Structured peer-to-peer systems have emerged as infrastructures for resource sharing in large-scale, distributed, and dynamic environments. One challenge in these systems is to efficiently maintain routing information in the presence of nodes joining, leaving, and failing. Many systems use costly periodic stabilization protocols to ensure that the routing information is up-to-date. In this paper, we present a novel technique called correctionon-change, which identifies and notifies all nodes that have outdated routing information as a result of a node joining, leaving, or failing. Effective failure handling is simplified as the detection of a failure triggers a correction-on-change which updates all the nodes that have a pointer to the failed node. The resulting system has increased robustness as nodes with stale routing information are immediately updated. We proof the correctness of the algorithms and evaluate its performance by means of simulation. Experimental results show ...